1.4005 ASTM AISI BS970 416S21 UNS S41600 KE40A SUS 416 Stainless Steel Round bar

Superior Machinability: 85% machinability rating enables high-speed production, longer tool life, and superior surface finishes.
Heat Treatable: Can be hardened to high strength levels via oil quenching and tempering (see mechanical properties table below).
Good Strength & Hardness: Achieves tensile strength up to 1344 MPa in the hardened and tempered condition.
Magnetic: Magnetic in all conditions.
Cost-Effective: Ideal for high-volume turned parts where corrosion requirements are moderate.

416 Stainless Steel (UNS S41600 / EN 1.4005) is a martensitic, free-machining stainless steel renowned for its exceptional machinability (rated at 85% of B1112) combined with good strength and hardness after heat treatment. The addition of sulfur (0.15% min) provides excellent chip-breaking characteristics, making it the ideal choice for high-speed automatic machining operations.

Note: Due to its sulfur content, 416 offers lower corrosion resistance than austenitic grades like 304 or 316.

It is not recommended for marine environments or high-pressure vessels.

Key Features & Benefits

Superior Machinability: 85% machinability rating enables high-speed production, longer tool life, and superior surface finishes.
Heat Treatable: Can be hardened to high strength levels via oil quenching and tempering (see mechanical properties table below).
Good Strength & Hardness: Achieves tensile strength up to 1344 MPa in the hardened and tempered condition.
Magnetic: Magnetic in all conditions.
Cost-Effective: Ideal for high-volume turned parts where corrosion requirements are moderate.

Technical Specifications

Parameter	Details
Standards	ASTM A582 / ASME SA582, AMS 5610, QQ-S-763
Diameter Range	1/8″ to 12″ (3mm – 300mm)
Length	12 ft (3.66m) standard; custom cutting available from 12″ to 144″
Production Method	Cold Finish (drawn/ground) or Hot Rolled & Annealed / Pickled
Surface Finish	Bright (Cold Drawn), Turned, Ground & Polished, or Black
Delivery Condition	Annealed (Condition A) or Pre-Hardened (Heat Treated)

Chemical Composition (Weight %)

Element	C	Mn	Si	P	S	Cr	Mo	Fe
Type 1	0.15 max	1.25 max	1.00 max	0.06 max	0.15 min	11.5-13.5	0.60 max	Balance
Type 2	0.15 max	2.50 max	1.00 max	0.06 max	0.40 max	11.5-13.5	–	Balance

*Type 1 contains selenium (Se 0.18-0.35%) for enhanced machinability*

Mechanical Properties

Tempering Temp	Tensile Strength	Yield Strength	Elongation	Hardness
300°F (149°C)	195 KSI (1344 MPa)	150 KSI (1034 MPa)	10%	390 HB
500°F (260°C)	185 KSI (1276 MPa)	142 KSI (979 MPa)	13%	375 HB
700°F (371°C)	190 KSI (1310 MPa)	146 KSI (1007 MPa)	13%	390 HB
900°F (482°C)	168 KSI (1158 MPa)	130 KSI (896 MPa)	14%	341 HB
1000°F (538°C)	145 KSI (1000 MPa)	115 KSI (793 MPa)	15%	300 HB
1100°F (593°C)	125 KSI (862 MPa)	100 KSI (689 MPa)	17%	262 HB
1200°F (650°C)	110 KSI (758 MPa)	85 KSI (586 MPa)	18%	225 HB

Heat Treatment Guidelines

Condition	Process	Result
Annealing	Heat to 1500-1650°F (815-900°C), slow cool in furnace	Maximum machinability, softest condition
Hardening	Heat to 1800-1900°F (982-1038°C), oil quench	Prepares material for tempering
Tempering	Reheat to 300-1200°F (149-650°C) as required	Achieves desired strength/toughness balance

Applications

Due to its excellent machinability, 416 round bar is widely specified for components requiring extensive turning, drilling, or threading:

Screw Machine Components: Gears, pinions, shafts, bushings
Valve & Pump Industry: Valve stems, pump shafts, trim components
Architectural Hardware: Nuts, bolts, handles, hinges
General Engineering: Lead screws, fasteners, studs
Consumer Goods: Golf club heads, surgical instruments, nozzles
Structural: Concrete footings, piers, supports, braces (non-marine)

Alternative Designations (by region):

USA: AISI 416, UNS S41600, AMS 5610
UK: 416S21, 416S29, 416S37
Germany: DIN 1.4005, X12CrS13
France: AFNOR Z12CF13
China: Y1Cr13

Grade

200 series: 201,202,202Cu,204Cu,
300 series: 301,303/Cu,304/L/H,304Cu,305,309/S,310/S,316/L/H/Ti,321/H,347/H,330,
400 series: 409/L,410,416/F,420/F,430,431,440C,441,444,446,
600 series: 13-8ph,15-5ph,17-4ph,17-7ph(630,631),660A/B/C/D,
Duplex: 2205(UNS S31803/S32205),2507(UNS S32750),UNS S32760,2304,LDX2101.LDX2404,LDX4404,904L,
Others: 153Ma,254SMo,253Ma,654SMo,F15,Invar36,1J22,N4,N6,etcAlloy: Alloy 20/28/31;
Hastelloy: Hastelloy B / B-2/B-3/C22/C-4/S/ C276/C-2000/G-35/G-30/X/N;
Haynes: Haynes 230/556/188;
Inconel: Inconel 100/600/601/602CA/617/625713/718738/X-750,Carpenter 20;
Incoloy: Incoloy 800/800H/800HT/825/925/926;
GH: GH2132,GH3030,GH3039,GH3128,GH4180,GH3044;
Monel: Monel 400/K500;
Nitronic: Nitronic 40/50/60;
Nimonic: Nimonic 75/80A/90;
Nickle: Nickle 200/201.